What does chemical composition refer to in gemstones?

Chemical composition in gemstones refers to the kinds and relative quantities of atoms that make up the material. Each gemstone has a unique chemical formula that defines its specific constituents, such as the types of elements present and their proportions. This composition is crucial because it impacts not only the gem's identity but also its properties, including color, hardness, and crystal formation. For example, the presence of certain elements in a gemstone can produce different colors or influence its overall clarity. Understanding a gemstone's chemical composition also assists gemologists in classifying stones accurately and determining their value.