What does the term 'pavilion' refer to in the context of faceted gems?

The term 'pavilion' in the context of faceted gems specifically refers to the lower part of a gemstone that lies below the girdle. The pavilion is essential to the gem's overall shape and plays a significant role in how light interacts with the stone. When light enters a faceted gem, it can bounce around within the pavilion, creating brilliance and sparkle as it exits through the crown, the upper part of the gemstone.

Understanding the pavilion helps gemologists determine how a gemstone will perform in terms of light reflection and refraction, which are critical factors in assessing the gem's desirability and overall quality. The specific design and depth of the pavilion can significantly impact the visual effects produced by the gemstone, including its fire, brilliance, and overall appearance.