What mineral is known as the world's major source of lapis lazuli?

Lapis lazuli is a deep-blue metamorphic rock prized for its vivid color and cultural significance throughout history. The world's major source of lapis lazuli is indeed found in Afghanistan, specifically in the Badakhshan region. This area has been extracting this gemstone for thousands of years, making it historically significant and a preeminent source. The high-quality lapis lazuli from Afghanistan is characterized by its intense blue color and the presence of golden pyrite flecks, which contribute to its appeal as a decorative stone.

The other regions mentioned may have some production of lapis lazuli, but they do not compare in terms of volume or historical significance to the deposits found in Afghanistan. Hence, when discussing the major source of lapis lazuli, Afghanistan stands out for its longstanding tradition and quality production of this unique gemstone.