Which garnet is known as a pinkish-orange mixture and is referred to by the trade term Malaya?

The garnet known as a pinkish-orange mixture referred to by the trade term "Malaya" is indeed Spessartine. Spessartine garnets are primarily characterized by their vibrant hues, which can range from orange to pinkish-orange, making them distinct in coloration. The name "Malaya" originally came from the region in Tanzania where these garnets were discovered, highlighting their unique color and the blending of manganese and iron that contributes to their lively appearance.

In the context of garnets, Spessartine's specific composition and its occurrence in mixtures are what set it apart, allowing it to exhibit the unique pinkish-orange tones that are commercially valued. This represents a key aspect of gemology, where color and composition play critical roles in a gemstone's classification and value. Spessartine garnets, with their distinct colors, have become popular choices in jewelry, both for their beauty and rarity.